Abjad F

JEJAK
MAHASISWA
..:: KAMUS BIOLOGI JEJAK MAHASISWA ::..
Dibuat
12/19/2011
A B C D E F G H I J K L M
N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Glosarium ini diambil dari Buku Biologi Campbell | Jejak Mahasiswa



F plasmid 
The fertility factor in bacteria, a plasmid that confers the ability to form pili for conjugation and associated functions required for the transfer of DNA from donor to recipient.
F1generation 
The first filial or hybrid offspring in a genetic cross-fertilization.
F2 generation 
Offspring resulting from interbreeding of the hybrid F1generation.
facilitated diffusion 
The spontaneous passage of molecules and ions, bound to specific carrier proteins, across a biological membrane down their concentration gradients.
facultative anaerobe 
(FAK-ul-tay-tiv AN-uh-robe) An organism that makes ATP by aerobic respiration if oxygen is present but that switches to fermentation under anaerobic conditions.
fat 
(triacylglycerol) (tri-AH-sil-GLIS-er-all) A biological compound consisting of three fatty acids linked to one glycerol molecule.
fatty acid 
A long carbon chain carboxylic acid. Fatty acids vary in length and in the number and location of double bonds; three fatty acids linked to a glycerol molecule form fat.
feedback inhibition 
A method of metabolic control in which the end-product of a metabolic pathway acts as an inhibitor of an enzyme within that pathway.
fermentation 
A catabolic process that makes a limited amount of ATP from glucose without an electron transport chain and that produces a characteristic end-product, such as ethyl alcohol or lactic acid.
fertilization 
The union of haploid gametes to produce a diploid zygote.
fiber 
A lignified cell type that reinforces the xylem of angiosperms and functions in mechanical support; a slender, tapered sclerenchyma cell that usually occurs in bundles.
fibrin 
(FY-brin) The activated form of the blood-clotting protein fibrinogen, which aggregates into threads that form the fabric of the clot.
fibroblast 
(FY-broh-blast) A type of cell in loose connective tissue that secretes the protein ingredients of the extracellular fibers.
filtrate 
Fluid extracted by the excretory system from the blood or body cavity. The excretory system produces urine from the filtrate after extracting valuable solutes from it and concentrating it.
first law of thermodynamics
(THUR-moh-dy-NAM-iks) The principle of conservation of energy. Energy can be transferred and transformed, but it cannot be created or destroyed.
fixed action pattern (FAP) 
A highly stereotypical behavior that is innate and must be carried to completion once initiated.
flaccid 
(FLAS-id) Limp; walled cells are flaccid in isotonic surroundings, where there is no tendency for water to enter.
flagellum 
(fluh-JEL-um) (plural, flagella) A long cellular appendage specialized for locomotion, formed from a core of nine outer doublet microtubules and two inner single microtubules, ensheathed in an extension of plasma membrane.
fluid mosaic model 
The currently accepted model of cell membrane structure, which envisions the membrane as a mosaic of individually inserted protein molecules drifting laterally in a fluid bilayer of phospholipids.
fluid-feeder 
An animal that lives by sucking nutrient-rich fluids from another living organism.
follicle 
(FOL-eh-kul) A microscopic structure in the ovary that contains the developing ovum and secretes estrogens.
follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) 
A protein hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary that stimulates the production of eggs by the ovaries and sperm by the testes.
food chain 
The pathway along which food is transferred from trophic level to trophic level, beginning with producers.
food web 
The elaborate, interconnected feeding relationships in an ecosystem.
founder effect 
A cause of genetic drift attributable to colonization by a limited number of individuals from a parent population.
fragile X syndrome 
A hereditary mental disorder, partially explained by genomic imprinting and the addition of nucleotides to a triplet repeat near the end of an X chromosome.
frameshift mutation 
A mutation occurring when the number of nucleotides inserted or deleted is not a multiple of 3, thus resulting in improper grouping into codons.
free energy of activation 
The initial investment of energy necessary to start a chemical reaction; also called activation energy.
free energy 
A quantity of energy that interrelates entropy (S) and the system's total energy (H); symbolized by G. The change in free energy of a system is calculated by the equation delta G = delta H - T delta S, where T is absolute temperature.
frequency-dependent selection 
A decline in the reproductive success of a morph resulting from the morph's phenotype becoming too common in a population; a cause of balanced polymorphism in populations.
fruit 
A mature ovary of a flower that protects dormant seeds and aids in their dispersal.
functional group 
A specific configuration of atoms commonly attached to the carbon skeletons of organic molecules and usually involved in chemical reactions.

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